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Oklahoma Department of
Human Services
Stronger Families Grow
Brighter Futures
Oklahoma Department of Human Services
Sequoyah Memorial Office Building, 2400 N. Lincoln Blvd. • Oklahoma City, OK 73105
(405) 521-3646 • Fax (405) 521-6684 • Internet: www.okdhs.org
 
 
 
340:2-3-71. Advocacy services of the Office of Client Advocacy (OCA) in general
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Revised 7-1-09

 

(a) Legal authority.

  • (1) Section 1415.1(A)(2) of Title 10 to the Oklahoma Statutes requires the Oklahoma Department of Human Services (OKDHS) to establish an ombudsman program for each institution and residential facility for the mentally retarded operated by OKDHS.  OKDHS has conferred this responsibility on the Office of Client Advocacy (OCA).
  • (2) Orders of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma in Homeward Bound, Inc., et al. v. Hissom Memorial Center, et al., Case No. 85-C-437-TCK-SAJ, require OKDHS and OCA to provide advocacy services to individuals certified by the court as members of the plaintiff class, known as Hissom class members.
  • (3) OKDHS also has conferred on OCA other advocacy responsibilities as outlined in Part 9, OAC 340:2-3-71 through 340:2-3-75.

(b) Scope.  OCA provides advocacy services to clients of the OKDHS Developmental Disabilities Services Division (DDSD) listed in this subsection, who are collectively referred to as "clients" in Part 9, OAC 340:2-3-71 through 340:2-3-75.

  • (1) OCA advocacy services for residents of the Northern Oklahoma Resource Center of Enid (NORCE), the Southern Oklahoma Resource Center (SORC), and the Greer Center Facility (Greer) are outlined in greater detail in OAC 340:2-3-72.
  • (2) OCA advocacy services for former residents of SORC, NORCE, and Greer for whom the director of the facility is guardian ad litem (GAL) are outlined in greater detail in OAC 340:2-3-73.
  • (3) OCA advocacy services for Hissom class members are outlined in greater detail in OAC 340:2-3-74.
  • (4) OCA provides advocacy services on a short-term or emergency basis for other DDSD clients who have a special advocacy need pursuant to OAC 340:2-3-75.

(c) Mission statement and guiding principles.

  • (1) Mission statement. OCA advocacy programs advance the capacity and recognition of individual choice, the realization of rights and responsibilities of citizenship, and the personal well-being of recipients of DDSD services.
  • (2) Guiding principles.  In addition to those listed in OAC 340:100-1-3.1, the guiding principles for OCA advocacy on behalf of clients are listed in (A) through (D) of this paragraph.
    • (A) Self-determination.  Advocates promote the individual as the driving force of life choices and decisions.
    • (B) Meaningful choice.  Advocates promote the development of meaningful choices for persons with developmental disabilities consistent with their unique strengths, resources, priorities, concerns, abilities, capabilities, and interests.
    • (C) Active citizenry.  Advocates promote the inclusion and involvement of persons with developmental disabilities in the social and political structures of the community.
    • (D) Well-being.  Advocates promote access to physical and emotional supports necessary for a healthy life-style.

(d) Definitions. In addition to the definitions in OAC 340:2-3-2, the following words and terms when used in OAC 340:2-3-71 through 340:2-3-75 shall have the following meaning, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

  • (1) "Behavior Review Committee" or "BRC" means the BRC established pursuant to OAC 340:100-3-5 and 340:100-3-5.1 and defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (2) "Capacity assessment" means the process of determining an individual's capacity to make informed decisions and the need for assistance with decision-making regarding personal and financial matters, in accordance with OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (3) "Human Rights Committee" or "HRC" means the HRC created by OAC 340:100-3-6 and defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (4) "Individual plan" or "IP" or "plan" means an individual plan established pursuant to OAC 340:100-5-51.
  • (5) "Informed consent" means informed consent as defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (6) "Program coordinator" or "PC" means a program coordinator as defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (7) "Qualified Mental Retardation Professional" or "QMRP" means a QMRP as defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.
  • (8) "Service review" means an assessment by an OCA advocate of a client's health, living circumstances, and the delivery of supportive services.  The service review documents the extent of services provided to an individual client and identifies problem areas in service delivery.  Each service review is a snapshot of the life of an individual at the time the review is completed.
  • (9) "Unit coordinator" means a team leader as defined in OAC 340:100-1-2.

(e) Confidentiality.  Information in OCA records relating to advocacy services provided to the clients listed in subsection (b) of this Section is confidential and protected from unauthorized use.  Only authorized individuals are given access to client records or provided information from those records.  • 1

  • (1) The confidentiality provisions of OAC 340:100-3-2 apply to OCA client files.
  • (2) The confidentiality provisions of OAC 340:5-1-5 apply to information in OCA records regarding allegations of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of a vulnerable adult as those terms are defined in Section 10-103 of Title 43A of the Oklahoma Statutes.
  • (3) A breach of confidentiality may result in a criminal prosecution.  Violations by OKDHS employees can also result in personnel action.

(f) Training requirements for advocates.  New and tenured OCA advocates receive appropriate training consistent with their background and experience.  • 2  This includes training on the rights of DDSD clients under Oklahoma and federal law.  • 3

(g) Client representation.

  • (1) OCA maintains offices on campus at SORC and NORCE, and assigns advocates to represent residents of SORC, NORCE, and Greer.
  • (2) OCA assigns advocates, in accordance with Part 9, OAC 340:2-3-71 through 340:2-3-75, to represent specific DDSD clients living in community residential settings, including Hissom class members living in Oklahoma and former residents of SORC, NORCE, and Greer for whom the facility director is the GAL.  • 4 & 5 
  • (3) An OCA advocate is knowledgeable about the clients represented by him or her and seeks to understand each client's specific challenges and communication styles, needs, interests, and goals.  An advocate ascertains the preferences and choices of a client.  An advocate becomes familiar with a client by:
    • (A) reviewing relevant client records and files;
    • (B) visits and other contacts with the client at home, at work, and in other contexts; and
    • (C) communication with the client's relatives, loved ones, guardians, program coordinator and other provider staff, case manager, and others in the client's circle of support.

(h) OCA advocacy services.

  • (1) Advocacy.  Advocacy is the function of assisting an individual in voicing his or her interests.  Clients are encouraged to engage in self-determination, and are assisted to the extent they need and desire.  When a client has a limitation in voicing his or her own interests, needs, and preferences, an advocate seeks to speak on behalf of the client.  Advocacy services provided by OCA advocates include:
    • (A) supporting the implementation of the least restrictive alternative in residential, vocational, therapeutic, and medical settings;
    • (B) supporting the most appropriate living environment for each client consistent with the client's needs and objectives;
    • (C) encouraging the development of natural supports, including friends, coworkers and neighbors in the community in which an individual lives; and
    • (D) advocating for those responsible for providing services for a client to fulfill their responsibilities by bringing performance issues to the attention of those who are responsible for correcting the situation. • 6
  • (2) Monitoring.  OCA monitors the well-being and provision of services to a client by means of:  visits and other forms of contact with the client, staff, family members, and others who know the client; review of records, documentation, contracts, and financial agreements between clients and providers of services, incident reports, and professional assessments; and attendance at IP and other team meetings.  OCA advocates cooperate with and render assistance to outside monitoring and advocacy entities as provided for by federal and state laws, in accordance with the laws and rules relating to client confidentiality and release of information protocols. The monitoring role of an OCA advocate is to ensure that:
    • (A) individual needs, preferences, and choices are identified and met appropriately and consistently;
    • (B) health, safety, and welfare standards and safeguards are maintained; and
    • (C) problems and issues are addressed at the earliest juncture by appropriate persons and entities in a prompt manner.
  • (3) Informal problem resolution.  An advocate seeks to resolve issues and client concerns by means of informal problem resolution at the lowest level of administrative responsibility or decision-making.  Informal problem resolution seeks to resolve issues and reach a consensus with the client on a plan of action to resolve the problem informally.  An advocate uses the problem resolution activity consistent with the nature and imminence of the problem.  An advocate assists a client in development of problem resolution skills and self-advocacy.  • 7
  • (4) Grievances.  As needed, an OCA advocate files grievances on behalf of clients in accordance with Part 5, OAC 340:2-3-45 through 340:2-3-55.  OCA also advises clients and assists them with filing grievances on their own behalf when they so desire.  • 8
  • (5) Protection and safety.  OCA staff take appropriate action under the circumstances to protect the health, safety, and well-being of clients, including reporting allegations of abuse, neglect, maltreatment, and exploitation in accordance with Part 3, OAC 340:2-3-32 through 340:2-3-38.  • 9
    • (A) OCA advocates assist OCA and Adult Protective Services investigators and law enforcement officers in obtaining information necessary for completion of investigations in which a client is an alleged victim.
    • (B) Advocates engage in appropriate follow-up activity in response to receiving a referral from OCA intake unit in accordance with OAC 340:2-3-35(a)(7).
    • (C) When an advocate has a concern related to a client's health, safety, well-being, or program implementation, the advocate advises the client's case manager or designated QMRP, as applicable, and others (for example, DDSD staff, provider or facility staff, treatment staff, and health care professionals) as the circumstances warrant.
    • (D) Immediately upon becoming aware of any concerns regarding imminent risk of harm, an advocate advises the applicable residential or vocational provider as well as the client's case manager.
    • (E) An OCA advocate ensures that allegations of abuse, neglect, maltreatment, and exploitation of which the advocate becomes aware are reported to OCA intake in accordance with OAC 340:2-3-33.
  • (6) Promoting informed choice.  An OCA advocate promotes informed decision-making, consistent with a client's unique strengths, resources, priorities, concerns, abilities, capabilities, and interests, through provision of necessary information and assisting a client in understanding options and potential consequences of a decision.  If a client is unable to make an informed choice, the advocate seeks to provide the client's legal guardian, GAL, volunteer advocate, and other representative(s) with access to information to make an informed decision on behalf of the client.  The advocate general does not provide legal advice to clients, but may provide information about the law.
  • (7) Protection of rights.  An OCA advocate promotes the full exercise of legal rights guaranteed clients under federal and state laws.  An advocate takes appropriate steps to protect a client's rights, including ensuring those rights are considered in team decisions and in the manner with which team decisions are carried out.  An advocate seeks to ensure the application of due process in administrative, quasi-judicial, and judicial proceedings involving a client which might result in a rights restriction or a reduction in services.  When a rights restriction is absolutely necessary, OCA supports the least restriction necessary for the shortest period of time possible and a plan to remove the restriction as soon as possible.
  • (8) Access to services.  An OCA advocate promotes client access to the full range of supports in accordance with the requirements of state and federal programs.  Although an advocate takes a position with regard to services needed by a client, an advocate does not have authority to approve services.
  • (9) Guardianship issues.  The Oklahoma Guardianship and Conservatorship Act promotes the participation of persons as fully as possible in the decisions which affect them, development of maximum self-reliance and independence, and appointment of guardians and others only to the extent necessitated by the mental and adaptive limitations or other condition of individuals.  [30 O.S. § 1-103]  Because a full guardianship of the person and estate of a client is the most restrictive intrusion on an individual's decision-making, OCA advocates for the least restrictive alternative to a full guardianship that is feasible under the circumstances, including but not limited to:  limited guardianship; representative payee for financial benefits; volunteer advocate; supportive friends and family; health care proxy; durable power of attorney; and advance directives.
  • (10) Promoting inclusion.  An advocate promotes the realization of active citizenship and inclusion in the community.  This includes but is not limited to encouraging clients to:  learn the rights and responsibilities of good citizenship, vote, take classes, participate in volunteer service organizations, attend religious services of the client's choice, attend recreational, cultural and social events, and join citizen advocacy organizations that promote inclusion in the community.  An advocate encourages the development of friends who can serve as natural supports for a client.  An advocate assists a client in locating relatives who are not currently active in the client's life and encourages relationship building between the client and family members.
  • (11) End-of-life issues.  End-of-life issues for an individual with a developmental disability do not differ from those of the community at large.  Regardless of the medical circumstance which bring these issues to the forefront, an OCA advocate seeks to have physicians, guardians, and loved ones of a client adhere to Oklahoma laws relating to do-not-resuscitate orders, withdrawal or denial of nutrition or hydration, and withdrawal or termination of medical treatment.  In the absence of clear and convincing evidence of a client's wishes, an advocate presumes the client would choose life sustaining measures.  10

(i) Contacting an OCA advocate.  OCA advocates carry pagers or cell phones during office hours.  If an advocate is not available during office hours, his or her supervisor serves as a back-up to the advocate and can be contacted.  Information about the name of the advocate assigned to a client, the advocate's phone and pager numbers, and the name of the advocate's supervisor can be obtained from OCA offices in Oklahoma City 1-405-525-4850 or 1-800-522-8014. 

(j) OCA access to client records and information.  OCA staff are provided access to all records, files, documents, and information needed to fulfill OCA responsibilities regarding a client.  DDSD case managers and employees and staff of provider agencies send to the assigned OCA advocate a copy of documents and notices sent to the client.

INSTRUCTIONS TO STAFF 340:2-3-71

Revised 7-1-09

 

1.   Office of Client Advocacy (OCA) files.  OCA maintains a client file for each Hissom class member and other Developmental Disabilities Services Division (DDSD) service recipient served by OCA who is not a resident of Southern Oklahoma Resource Center (SORC), Northern Oklahoma Resource Center of Enid (NORCE), or the Greer Center Facility (Greer) except for persons provided short-term advocacy services pursuant to OAC 340:2-3-75.  Each client file contains documents for the previous two-year period.  Documents older than that are purged, with the exception of client histories.  Documents which OCA originated and which do not exist in an electronic form are archived.  Other purged documents are shredded by OCA.

2.   Training of advocates.

(1) Before a new OCA advocate is assigned to represent clients, the advocate attends DDSD Foundations Training or its substantial equivalent, unless the advocate previously completed that training, and receives on-the-job training.

(2) Before an OCA advocate assumes responsibility for a client, the advocate reviews the OCA client file, discusses the case with the previous advocate when possible, and becomes familiar with essential information about the client including specialized supports, rights restrictions and intrusive procedures, and pending informal problem resolution activities and grievances.  The advocate also completes individual specific training when the advocate's supervisor or the OCA advocacy programs administrator determines that it is warranted.

3.  Client rights.  Source of information about a client's rights include but are not limited to:  OAC 340:2-5-40, OAC 340:100-3-1.2; OAC 317:35-13-1, and OAC 612:10-1-6; the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act [42 U.S.C. § 6000 et seq.]; Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 [29 U.S.C. § 794]; the Americans with Disabilities Act [42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq.]; and the Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act [42 U.S.C. § 1997 et seq.].

4.   Scope of representation.  In assigning advocates to represent clients, OCA avoids actual or perceived conflicts of interest which could prevent an advocate from being objective about the interests and preferences of a client.  For example, an OCA advocate is not assigned to represent an individual who is related by blood or marriage to the advocate, or to represent an individual who is receiving services from a person related to the advocate.  Advocates comply with OAC 340:2-1-8 the Rules of the Ethics Commission, and Oklahoma Law.  [74 O.S. Chapter 62]  An advocate represents the client's interests independent of the advocate's own biases, preferences, and belief systems.  In advocating for the client's interests and preferences, an advocate does not support any action by the client or others which constitutes criminal activity or places the client at imminent risk of serious harm.  An advocate supports providing clients with information necessary for informed and voluntary decision-making with knowledge of the potential consequences of a decision.  The advocate explores with the client and the client's team alternatives which minimizes risk of harm to health, safety, or well-being of the client.

5.   Transition process when a class member is assigned to a different advocate.  In order to ensure OCA advocates are given timely and adequate notice of team meetings, emergency meetings, and similar type meetings, appropriate persons are informed whenever there is a change in the advocate assigned to support a class member or other DDSD client.  The procedures when a different OCA advocate is selected for a client are listed in (1) through (7) of this Instruction.

(1) The former OCA advocate sends an e-mail to the case manager for the client and the case manager's supervisor to inform them of the change.  The e-mail includes:  the name of the new OCA advocate, his or her e-mail address and duty station, the effective date of the change, and a request that notices of meetings and information henceforth be sent to the new advocate.  This e-mail is copied to the receiving advocate and his or her supervisor as well as the former advocate's supervisor.  To ensure the information in the e-mail has been communicated, the former advocate also mails or sends by FAX a printed copy of the e-mail to the case manager or contacts the case manager by phone.

(2) The supervisor of the former OCA advocate immediately sends an e-mail to OCA transition coordinator to inform him or her of any changes in assignments.  The transition coordinator immediately makes the change on the FY 2001 Hissom list.

(3) The former OCA advocate sends an e-mail to the receiving advocate notifying him or her of the dates of any meetings, other events, and deadlines which are pending, with special attention given to scheduled individual plan (IP) meetings. The e-mail also provides information about informal problem resolution activities on behalf of the client which are still pending, any pending grievances, and other pertinent information about the client and the client's team. This e-mail is copied to the receiving advocate's supervisor.

(4) The new OCA advocate contacts the case manager to discuss the status of the case and determine any pressing issues that may need attention.

(5) Within two weeks of the change in assignment, the former OCA advocate and the receiving advocate confer by telephone or in person, at which time the former advocate briefs the receiving advocate about the client and any pending matters of note.

(6) Within two weeks of the change in assignment, the former OCA advocate's supervisor transmits to the receiving advocate's supervisor the client's file, which is organized logically and neatly, and contains all information in the former OCA advocate's possession about the client.  A completed "Case File Transition Checklist" is attached.  The receiving supervisor notes the date and time of receipt of the client's file, by confirming receipt in an e-mail and noting it in the client file.

(7) When possible, the former OCA advocate has a transition meeting with the client to explain the change and to introduce the client to the receiving advocate.  If such a meeting is not possible, the client, guardian(s), and residential and vocational providers are informed of the change by phone, e-mail, or letter.

6.  Role of the advocate in resolving problems.  The OCA advocate utilizes the client's case manager as a primary resource for resolving a client's support deficiencies.  The role of the advocate is to report service deficiencies to those responsible for providing the service.  However, an advocate takes immediate action appropriate under the circumstances in situations where the client is at imminent risk of harm, for example, preventing staff from using a defective piece of adaptive equipment.  Following an action of this nature, the advocate immediately notifies the DDSD case manager, the case manager's supervisor, or the DDSD on-call administrator to report the circumstances that prompted the advocate's action and to request prompt follow-up to address the situation and to prevent reoccurrence.  An OCA advocate does not function as a case manager or a provider of direct contact services for a client.

7.  Informal problem resolution.  Informal problem resolution activities include but are not limited to:

(1) contact with the case manager, seeking to resolve problems at the lowest possible level of administrative responsibility;

(2) requesting a team meeting;

(3) identifying and articulating client concerns during team meetings;

(4) acting to facilitate resolution of a problem;

(5) representing the preferences of the client in team meetings if known and capacity is not an issue;

(6) facilitating informed-consent decision-making by the client or guardian(s);

(7) identifying acceptable alternatives;

(8) filing an advocate's inquiry in accordance with OAC 340:2-3-51 or 340:2-3-52, whichever is applicable;

(9) advocating for proper implementation of state and federal laws and for changes in Oklahoma Department of Human Services (OKDHS) rules;

(10) facilitating information and referral on the client's behalf either with OKDHS personnel or other persons or entities who can provide problem resolution or support services; and

(11) assisting with making arrangements for mediation.

8.   Grievances.  When an OCA advocate files a grievance against OKDHS on behalf of a Hissom class member, the grievance format used includes at a minimum:  the name of the client, the grievant if other than the client, the client's guardian if there is one, the provider, the case manager, the OCA advocate, and the guardian ad litem (GAL) representative if there is one; the issue being grieved, the facts relevant to the grievance; the grievant's contentions; relevant statutes, policies, and other authorities; the proposed solution; and the advocacy position of OCA.  For each subsequent level the grievance is submitted for resolution, the grievance format used also provides the procedural history of the grievance, including a summary of the responses to the grievance at each level it was considered and relevant documentation.

9.  Informing clients, guardians, caretakers, and others of OCA investigations.  Sections 10-105.1 and 10-110(B)(5) of Title 43A, Oklahoma Statutes require OKDHS to provide notice to guardians, caretakers, custodians, and family members of vulnerable adults when a referral is received about a vulnerable adult, and to provide a summary of the investigation findings.  To the extent this applies to referrals to OCA regarding Hissom class members residing in the community, DDSD policy [OAC 340:100-3-34] requires the provider agency to notify the guardian or family member when a referral is made to OCA about a class member.  In order to ensure guardians and family members are aware of relevant information regarding their wards and relatives, OCA advocates adhere to the procedures listed in (1) through (6) of this Instruction for each Hissom class member represented by OCA.

(1) The OCA advocate assigned to a client informs the client and the client's guardian or GAL of the results of OCA investigations which involve the client.  If an individual does not have a GAL or guardian, a parent or other family member actively involved in the individual's life may be informed.  If the guardian or family member is the alleged perpetrator in the investigation, the OCA advocate's responsibility to inform him or her of the results does not change.

(2) The OCA advocate provides this information to the guardian or active family member by telephone, in person, or by sending a letter, using the method of communication suitable for the particular situation.

(3) This information is provided as soon as practicable, but no later than seven working days after an OCA investigation finding has become final.  An investigation involving a Hissom class member is considered "final" if the allegation:

(A) is not against a community services worker (CSW), the date the investigation report is approved by the advocate general;

(B) involves a CSW and is ruled out, the date OCA sends the notice to the CSW pursuant to OAC 340:100-3-39(h)(1) informing the CSW that the allegation was ruled out;

(C) involves a CSW and is confirmed, the date OCA sends a letter to the CSW pursuant to OAC 340:100-3-39(h)(B) informing the CSW of the result of the CSW reconsideration request, or the date which is the deadline for the CSW to request reconsideration when none was timely received by OCA.  If reconsideration has been denied, a CSW has the right to request a hearing before an administrative law judge to review  OCA findings before his or her name is placed on the CSW Registry, in accordance with OAC 340:100-3-39(h)(5).  Hence, when informing a client, guardian, or family member of the results of the investigation, the advocate clearly states that OCA finding is provisional subject to further administrative review.  OCA advocates are familiar with the CSW Registry and related policies in order to answer questions clients, guardians, and family members have about it.

(4) The advocate only provides a summary of the findings of an OCA investigation.  In accordance with OCA statutory obligations to maintain confidentiality, copies of OCA investigation reports are disseminated in accordance with OAC 2-3-32(b).

(5) In providing a summary of the findings, confidentiality of information regarding minors and DDSD clients is maintained.  In addition, the identity of persons reporting incidents which are referred to OCA is confidential by statute and is not disclosed.

(6) Briefings of guardians and family members about OCA investigative findings are documented in a contact sheet in OCA computerized database.

10. Guardian's authority to make end-of-life decisions.  A guardian does not have authority to consent to a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order merely because he or she is a guardian of a ward.  Oklahoma's Guardianship and Conservatorship Act requires a guardian to obtain a court order which authorizes the guardian to make DNR decisions on behalf of a ward.  [30 O.S. § 3-119(1)]  In the absence of an order, a guardian can only communicate to a physician facts about the known values and preferences of the ward, on the basis of which the physician can determine whether there is clear and convincing evidence of the client's desires with regard to a DNR order.  If a client has never had the ability to communicate, verbally or non-verbally, the client's wishes with regard to end of life issues, clear and convincing evidence does not exist.

 



Last Updated:  9/13/2011
Oklahoma Department of Human Services
Street address: Sequoyah Memorial Office Building, 2400 N. Lincoln Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73105
Mailing address: P.O. Box 25352, Oklahoma City, OK 73125
(405) 521-3646
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